Owens Library Turabian Parenthetical/Reference List Citation Style Examples

This guide includes local modifications addressing Northwest faculty preferences.
See Note for further details.

Full Text Sources		"Traditional" Sources
Periodical Databases CQ Researcher CQ.com EBSCOhost Journal Articles Magazine Articles Newspaper Articles InfoTrac Journal Articles Magazine Articles Newspaper Articles News Service Articles JSTOR Journal Articles Magazine Articles LexisNexis Court Cases Journal Articles News Wires Newspaper Articles Public Laws Television Show Transcripts WilsonWeb Journal Articles Magazine Articles	Freely Available on Web Electronic Magazines Electronic Books Electronic Journals Government Documents Web Pages	Paper, Fiche, Film, Interviews Books Government Documents Journals Magazines Newspapers No Author/Multiple Authors Interviews

Please note:This page follows the citation style of Kate L. Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 6th ed. and The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed., except that the full-text examples include the name of the vendor, database, and the path for accessing the database. This information helps readers to more quickly locate the cited articles. Page numbers are not listed for full text sources unless they are in pdf format or another format showing page numbers.

Items in each entry (e.g., author, title, etc.) are color-coded to match the elements needed in each citation. If the work cited does not include one of the elements (e.g., there is no author listed), leave it out.

CQ.com
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Gephardt Urges Bush 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical, month and day of publication, page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database. Database URL.
Reference List Examples	Gephardt urges Bush to "end alliance with bigotry," oppose constitutional amendment to ban gay marriage. 2003. BNN White House Bulletin, 17 December. News Sources, Congressional Quarterly Inc., http://oncongress.cq.com/mycq.do.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

CQ Researcher
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Marshall 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # given): page number(s) only listed for pdf files. URL of periodical.
Reference List Examples	Marshall, Patrick. 2003. How vulnerable is the U.S. to cyberwarfare? The CQ Researcher 13 (September): 797-820. http://search.ebscohost.com.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

EBSCOhost Full Text Journal Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(del Zotto 2002, 148) (Kurant 2002)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # is given): page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database. Database URL.
Reference List Examples	Journal with continuous pagination in pdf format: del Zotto, Augusta C. 2002. Weeping women wringing hands: How the mainstream media stereotyped women's experiences in Kosovo. Journal of Gender Studies 11 (July). Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. http://search.ebscohost.com/. Journal paginated by issue not in pdf format: Kurant, Wendy. 2002. The power of love: The education of a domestic woman in Mary Boykin Chesnut's Two Years. Southern Literary Journal 34, no. 2. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. http://search.ebscohost.com/.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

EBSCOhost Full Text Magazine Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Gibbs 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical, month and day of publication, page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database. Database URL.
Reference List Examples	Gibbs, Nancy. 2003. Thou shalt be removed. Time, 11 November, 34. MasterFILE, EBSCOhost. http://search.ebscohost.com.
For further help citing magazine articles, consult sections 8.97, 8.104, 8.111, 10.25, and 11.41 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.182 through 17.186 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

EBSCOhost Full Text Newspaper Articles Newspaper citations are usually listed only in notes and parenthetical text references and are usually left out of bibliographies and reference lists. Follow this convention for notes and a bibliography, but when the length of the URL will interrupt the flow of the text, include an entry in the Reference List.
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Title of Newspaper, date of publication. Name of database, publisher/vendor of database, URL of database) [author listed in text of paper]
Parenthetical Text Examples	In an article about jazz (New York Amsterdam News, 30 October 2003. MasterFILE, EBSCOhost. http://search.ebscohost.com), Ron Scott describes. . .
Reference List Elements	Author(s) if known, year of publication, Title of article. Title of News Service Provider. day and month of publication. Name of Database, publisher/vendor of database, Persistent URL of article.
Reference List Examples	Scott, Ron, 2003. Jazz notes: Regina Carter & Paganini. New York Amsterdam News, 11 November. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db =aph&AN=11496732&site=ehost-live.
For further help citing newspaper articles, consult sections 8.105--8.111, 8.138, 10.25, 11.44-45, and 11.47 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.188 through 17.203 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

WilsonWeb Full Text Journal Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Pino 2001, 355) (Fluckiger and Wetig 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # is given): page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Name of Service. Database URL.
Reference List Examples	Journal with continuous pagination in pdf format: Pino, J. C.. 2003 Teaching about women and underdevelopment in Latin AmericanHistory. The History Teacher 34 (May 2001): 353-360. Education Full Text, WilsonWeb. http://wilsonweb3.hwwilson.com/. Journal paginated by issue not in pdf format: Fluckiger, Jarene and Saundra Wetig. 2003. Empowering teachers to foster students' character and citizenship: Getting teachers and students to discover big ideas in social studies. Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin 69, no. 2. Education Full Text, WilsonWeb. http://wilsonweb3.hwwilson.com.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

WilsonWeb Full Text Magazine Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Gibbs 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical, month and day of publication, page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database. Database URL.
Reference List Examples	Lewis, Anne C. 2003. Who's qualified? Education Digest, October. Education Full Text, WilsonWeb. http://wilsonweb3.hwwilson.com.
For further help citing magazine articles, consult sections 8.97, 8.104, 8.111, 10.25, and 11.41 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.182 through 17.186 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

InfoTrac Full Text Journal Articles InfoTrac has stable URLs that allow users to link directly to an article. Use the full URL that appears when this article in displayed in your Web browser.
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(McDevitt 2003) (Eichner 2003, 78)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of Periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # is given): page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Name of Service. Persistent URL of article.
Reference List Examples	Journal with continuous pagination in pdf format: McDevitt, Theresa. 2003. African American women and espionage in the Civil War. Social Education 67 (September). Expanded Academic, InfoTrac/Thomson Gale. http://web2.infotrac.galegroup.com/ 707/346/44119785w2/purl=rc1_EAIM_ 0A108048791A108048791?sw_aep=nwmosu_owens. Journal with continuous pagination in pdf format: Eichner, Carolyn J. "Vive la commune!" Feminism, socialism, and revolutionary revival in the aftermath of the 1871 Paris commune." Journal of Women's History 5, no. 2 (2003): 68-99. Expanded Academic, InfoTrac/Thomson Gale. http://web2.infotraccustom.com/ pdfserve/get_item/1/Sa88a6bw2_5/SB483_05.pdf.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

InfoTrac Full Text Magazine Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Howe 2002)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical, month and day of publication, page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database. Persistent URL of article.
Reference List Examples	Magazine in full text format: Howe, Robert F. 2002. "Covert force: Hundreds of women fought in the Civil War disguised as men." Smithsonian, October. Expanded Academic, InfoTrac/Thomson Gale. http://web2.infotrac.galegroup.com/ itw/infomark/295/270/44599915w2/purl=rc1_EAIM_0_A92545901 &dyn=16!xrn_17_0_A92545901?sw_aep=nwmosu_owens.
For further help citing magazine articles, consult sections 8.97, 8.104, 8.111, 10.25, and 11.41 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.182 through 17.186 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

InfoTrac Full Text News Service Articles Newswire citations are usually listed only in notes and parenthetical text references and are usually left out of bibliographies and reference lists. Follow this convention for notes, but because the length of the URL will interrupt the flow of the text, include an entry in the Reference List.
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Title of News Service Provider, date) [author listed in text of paper]
Parenthetical Text Examples	According to the Xinhua News Agency, the Civil War in Angola (Comtex News Network, Inc, 10 September 2003),
Reference List Elements	Author(s) if known. Year of Publication. Title of article. Title of News Service Provider. Month and day of publication. Name of Database, Publisher/vendor of database, Persistent URL of article.
Reference List Example	Xinhua News Agency. 2003. Over 3.3 million people return home since end of civil war in Angola: UN. Comtex News Network, Inc., 10 September. Expanded Academic, InfoTrac/Thomson Gale, http://web3.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/486/94/68769127w3/ purl=rc1_EAIM_0_A107545444&dyn=34!xrn_50_0_ A107545444? sw_aep=nwmosu_owens.
For further help citing newspaper articles, consult sections 8.105--8.111, 8.138, 10.25, 11.44-45, and 11.47 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.188 through 17.203 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Online Government Documents
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Authoring Body Date of Publication, page number(s))
Parenthetical Text Example	NOTE: The citation below includes a page number because it is a Microsoft Word document which has page numbers. (U.S. Department of Agriculture 2003, 2)
Reference List Elements	Authoring Body. Date (year). Title of Work. Individual Author or editor if available. Number or other identifying information listed. Publisher, if different from author. Place of Publication date if month or day. URL.
Reference List Example	U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2003. Testimony of Dr. Chuck Lambert, Deputy Under Secretary, Marketing and Regulatory Programs Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate. Charles Lambert. Washington D.C., 19 November. http://www.usda.gov/agency/ ocr/download/Agroterrorism.Lambert.111903.doc
For further help citing government documents consult sections 12.8 through 12.33 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.290 through 17.356 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Web Pages
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Author/editor of content--if no author list owner of the page)
Parenthetical Text Example	(Ashlag)
Reference List Elements	Author/editor of content--if no author list owner of the page, "Title of specific web page used." Title or owner of the site--italicized if title of site. URL.
Reference List Example	Ashlag, Yehuda. "There is None Else Beside Him." Bnei Baruch World Wide Center for Kabbalah Studies. http://www.kabbalah.info.
For further help citing Web pages, consult section 17.234 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Print Government Documents
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Authoring Body Date of Publication, page number(s))
Parenthetical Text Example	(U.S. Dept. of Labor, 2000, 45)
Reference List Elements	Authoring Body. Date. Title of Work. Individual Author or editor if available. Number or other identifying information listed. Publisher, if different from author. Place of Publication, date.
Reference List Example	U.S. Department of Labor. 2000. Telework: The New Workplace of the 21st Century. Washington D.C., 2000.
For further help citing government documents, consult sections 12.8 through 12.33 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.290 through 17.355 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

No Author/Multiple Authors Examples
Parenthetical Text Elements	NO AUTHOR: (title date, page(s)) 2 OR 3 AUTHORS: (author date, page(s)) MORE THAN 3 AUTHORS: (1st author and others date, page(s))
Parenthetical Text Example	NO AUTHOR: ("Cheney and the 'Raw' Intelligence" 1998, 8) 2 OR 3 AUTHORS: (Ury, Wyatt, and Baudino 2003, 24) MORE THAN 3 AUTHORS: (Johnson and others 2001, 82)
Reference List Elements	NO AUTHOR: Title of article. [remainder of citation] 2 OR 3 AUTHORS: Author and author. [remainder of citation] Author, author, and author. [remainder of citation] MORE THAN 3 AUTHORS: Author and others. [remainder of citation]
Reference List Example	NO AUTHOR: "The Causes of the War," [remainder of citation] 2 OR 3 AUTHORS: Ury, Connie and Wyatt, Patricia. [remainder of citation] Ury, Connie, Wyatt, Patricia, and Baudino, Frank. [remainder of citation] MORE THAN 3 AUTHORS: Johnson, Carolyn, Patricia Wyatt, Frank Baudino, and Lori Mardis. [remainder of citation]
For further help citing authors, consult sections 8.26 through 8.36 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.20 through 17.47 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

InfoTrac Full Text Newspaper Articles Newspaper citations are usually listed only in notes and parenthetical text references and are usually left out of bibliographies and reference lists. Follow this convention for notes, but because the length of the URL will interrupt the flow of the text, include an entry in the Reference List.
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Title of Newspaper, date) [author listed in text of paper]
Parenthetical Text Example	In regard to the political unrest in northern Uganda (New Catholic Reporter, 1 August 2003), Dennis Coday describes. . .
Reference List Elements	Author(s) if known. Year of publication. Title of article. City--if not in title or newspaper is not widely known (state if not widely known usually abbreviated) Title of Newspaper. Month and day of publication. Name of database, publisher/vendor of database, Persistent URL of article.
Reference List Example	Coday, Dennis. 2003. Uganda Archbishop calls for international intervention. New Catholic Reporter. 1 August. Expanded Academic, InfoTrac/Thomson Gale, http://web3.infotrac.galegroup.com/ itw/infomark/486/94/68769127w3/purl=rc1_EAIM_0_ A107545444& dyn=34!xrn_50_0_A107545444?sw_aep=nwmosu_owens.
For further help citing newspaper articles, consult sections 8.105--8.111, 8.138, 10.25, 11.44-45, and 11.47 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.188 through 17.203 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

JSTOR Full Text Journal Articles JSTOR has persistent URLs that allow users to link directly to an article. Use the full URL that appears when this article in displayed in your Web browser.
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Example	(Koven and Michel 1990, 1078)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # is given): page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Name of Service. Full URL of article.
Reference List Example	Journal in pdf format with continuous format: Koven, Seth and Sonya Michel. 1990. Womanly duties: Maternalist politics and origins of welfare states in France, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States. The American Historical Review 95 (October): 1076-1108. JSTOR. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-28199010%2995%3A4%3C1076% 3AWDMPAT%3E2.0.CO% 3B2-I.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

LexisNexis Television Show Transcripts
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Callebs 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author/Editor of content if given. Year of publication. Transcript Number if available, Title of News Show, Name of broadcast network, day and month of broadcast. Name of database, Name of Service, Database URL.
Reference List Examples	Callebs, Sean, Dana Bash. Heidi Collins, Barbara Starr, Wolf Blitzer, Nic Robertson, Kenneth Pollack, Aaron Brown, and Satinder Bindra. 2003. Transcript #121401CN.V00, Press conference announcing Hussein's capture, CNN 14 December 2003. News, LexisNexis Academic, http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe.
For further help citing television shows or news broadcasts, consult the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition Web site at http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/cmosfaq/.

LexisNexis Full Text Newspaper Articles Newspaper citations are usually listed only in notes and parenthetical text references and are usually left out of bibliographies and reference lists. Follow this convention for notes and a bibliography, but when the length of the URL will interrupt the flow of the text, include an entry in the Reference List.
Reference List Elements	Author(s) if known, year of publication, Title of article. Title of News Service Provider. day and month of publication. Name of Database, publisher/vendor of database, Persistent URL of article.
Reference List Example	Mary Ann Lynch. 2003. "The Tatasciores have had a tailor-made marriage of 65 years," Hartford Courant (CT), 23 November. News, LexisNexis Academic, http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe.
For further help citing newspaper articles, consult sections 8.105--8.111, 8.138, 10.25, 11.44-45, and 11.47 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.188 through 17.203 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

LexisNexis Full Text Journal Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Gignam et al. 2003) (Kinnert and others 2002)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # is given): page number(s) only listed for pdf files. Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database. Database URL.
Reference List Examples	Journal with continuous pagination: James J. Gignam, Kelly Wieand, Karen A. Johnson, Bernard Fisher, Lei Su, and Eleftherios P. Mamounas. 2003. "Obesity, Tamoxifen use, and outcomes in women with estrogen receptor--positive early-stage breast cancer," Journal of the National Cancer Institute 95 (1 October). Medical, LexisNexis Academic, http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe. Journal paginated by issue: Mary D. Klinnert, Marcella R. Price, Andrew H. Liu, and JoAnn L. Robinson. 2002. Morbidity patterns among low-income wheezing infants. Pediatrics 112 (July). Medical, LexisNexis Academic, http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

LexisNexis Court Cases
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Case Name Year of Decision)
Parenthetical Text Example	(Eldred v. Ashcroft 2003)
Reference List Elements	Case Name. Year of Decision. Citation. Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database. Database URL.
Reference List Example	Eldred v. Ashcroft. 2003. 537 U.S. 186. Legal Research, LexisNexis. http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe.
For further help citing court cases, consult section 8.135 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations and sections 17.283 through 17-287 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

LexisNexis Public Laws
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Name of Act Date)
Parenthetical Text Example	(No Child Left Behind 2002)
Reference List Elements	Author. Name of Act. Year. Public Law #, Congress, Session, (Day and Month). Name of database, Publisher/vendor of database, Database URL.
Reference List Example	U.S. Congress. No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. 2002. Public Law 197-110, 107th Cong., 1st Session (8 January). Legal Research, LexisNexis, http://web.lexisnexis.com/universe.
For further help citing laws, consult Chapter 12 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations and sections 17.310 through 17.312 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

LexisNexis Full Text News Wires Newswire citations are usually listed only in notes and parenthetical text references and are usually left out of bibliographies and reference lists. Follow this convention for notes, but because the length of the URL will interrupt the flow of the text, include an entry in the Reference List.
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Title of News Service Provider, date) [author listed in text of paper]
Parenthetical Text Examples	According to the Daniel Yee, the CDC views the flu epidemic as a crisis (The Associated Press State & Local Wire, 19 December 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) if known. Year of Publication. Title of article. Title of News Service Provider. Month and day of publication. Name of Database, publisher/vendor of database, Persistent URL of article.
Reference List Example	Daniel Yee. 2003. CDC asks states to report all child flu deaths. The Associated Press State & Local Wire, 19 December. News, LexisNexis, http://web.lexisnexis.com/universe.
For further help citing newspaper articles, consult sections 8.105--8.111, 8.138, 10.25, 11.44-45, and 11.47 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.188 through 17.203 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Electronic Magazine Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Example	(Dawson 2003)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical, month and day of publication, page number(s) only listed for pdf files. URL.
Reference List Example	Turabian: Dawson, Bill. "Sea change for the e-beat ... or the Doldrums?" Environment Writer, 8 November 2003. http://www.environmentwriter.org/resources/articles/1103_pr.htm.
For further help citing magazine articles, consult sections 8.97, 8.104, 8.111, 10.25, and 11.41 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.182 through 17.186 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Electronic Full Text Journal Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page number(s) only listed for pdf files)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Booysen 2003) (Greer, Keohane, and Healy 2002 124)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # is given): page number(s) only listed for pdf files. URL.
Reference List Examples	No page numbers given: Booysen, Susan. 2003. "The dualities of contemporary Zimbabwean politics: Constitutionalism versus the law of power and the land, 1999-2002." African Studies Quarterly 7, no. 2 & 3 http://web.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v7/v7i2a1.htm.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

This guide includes local modifications addressing Northwest faculty preferences. See Note for further details.

This guide includes local modifications addressing Northwest faculty preferences.
See Note for further details.

Electronic Books
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Author(s)/Editor Date of Publication, page number(s))
Parenthetical Text Example	(Hopkins [1863?], 118)
Reference List Elements	Author(s)/Editor. Date of Publication. Title of book. City of Publication: Publisher.
Reference List Example	Hopkins, John Henry. [1863?]. Bible View of Slavery. New York: Society for the Diffusion of Political Knowledge. http://dewey.library.upenn.edu/sceti/printedbooksNew/ index.cfm?textID=70362_O&PagePosition=1.
For further help citing books, consult sections 8.1--8.96, 8.119--8.129, 8.137-8.138, 4.1-4.33, 11.1--11.38, 11.51, and 11.64 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.16 through 17.147 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Print Books
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Author(s)/Editor Date of Publication, page number(s))
Parenthetical Text Example	(Diner 1998, 55-57)
Reference List Elements	Author(s)/Editor. Date of Publication. Title of book. City of Publication: Publisher.
Reference List Example	Diner, Steven J. 1998. A very different age: Americans of the Progressive Era. New York: Hill and Wang.
For further help citing books, consult sections 8.1--8.96, 8.119--8.129, 8.137-8.138, 4.1-4.33, 11.1--11.38, 11.51, and 11.64 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.16 through 17.141 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Print Journal Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page(s))
Parenthetical Text Example	(Storrs 2003, 495)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical volume number, issue number if issues paged separately (month of publication if no issue # is given): page number(s).
Reference List Examples	Journal with continuous pagination: Storrs, Landon R. Y. 2003. Red Scare Politics and the Suppression of Popular Front Feminism: The Loyalty Investigation of Mary Dublin Keyserling. Journal of American History 90 (September): 491-524. Journal paginated by issue: Gunther, Vanessa. 2000. Indians and the criminal justice system in San Bernardino and San Diego counties, 1850-1900," Journal of the West 39, no. 4: 26-34.
For further help citing periodical articles, consult sections 11.39--11.41, 11.57, and 8.141 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.154 through 17.181 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Print Magazine Articles
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author date, page(s))
Parenthetical Text Example	(Gibbs 2003, 34)
Reference List Elements	Author(s) or Editor. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of periodical, month and day of publication, page number(s).
Reference List Example	Gibbs, Nancy. 2003. Thou shalt be removed. Time, 11 November, 34.
For further help citing magazine articles, consult sections 8.97, 8.104, 8.111, 10.25, and 11.41 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.182 through 17.186 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Print Newspaper Articles Newspaper citations are usually listed in notes and parenthetical text references and omitted from a reference list in Turabian Style.
Parenthetical Text Elements	(Title of Newspaper, date) [author listed in text of paper]
Parenthetical Text Example	In an article about breast cancer (Maryville (MO) Daily Forum, 30 October 2003), Leslie Ackman describes. . .
For further help citing newspaper articles, consult sections 8.105--8.111, 8.138, 10.25, 11.44-45, and 11.47 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.188 through 17.203 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Published Interview
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author's name date, page(s) if appropriate)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Higham 1998)
Reference List Elements	Person or group interviewed. "Title of Article or Chapter," interview by name of interviewer. The facts of publication as for an article or book chapter.
Reference List Example	Higham, Robin. 1998. Interview with Robin Higham. Interview by Roger Adelson. Historian 60 (Spring). Academic Search, EBSCOhost. http://search.ebscohost.com/.
For further help citing interviews, consult sections 8.118 and 11.48-50 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.204 through 17.207 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Unpublished Interview
Parenthetical Text Elements	(author's last name date, page(s) if appropriate)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Aaron 1979, 21)
Reference List Elements	Person or group interviewed. Year of publication. Interview by name of interviewer, place, day and month of interview or both if known. Title of interview if given, transcribed by name of transcriber, medium in which the interview was conducted. Collection, institution where interview is housed, city where interview is housed.
Reference List Example	Aaron, Junie Edna Kaylor. 1979. Interview by Jacquelyn Hall, 12 December. Interview H-106, transcribed by Jean Houston, transcript. Documenting the American South, Southern Oral History Collection, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, Chapel Hill, NC.
For further help citing interviews, consult sections 8.118 and 11.48-50 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.204 through 17.207 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.

Interview by Writer of Paper
Parenthetical Text Elements	(name of person interviewed date, page(s) if appropriate)
Parenthetical Text Examples	(Wyatt 2003)
Reference List Elements	Person or group interviewed (brief identifying information if available). Year of publication. Interview by author, month and day of interview, medium in which the interview was conducted, place of interview.
Reference List Example	Wyatt, Patricia. 2003. Interview by Connie Ury, 18 December. Audiorecording. Maryville, MO.
For further help citing interviews, consult sections 8.118 and 11.48-50 in the 6th edition of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations or consult sections 17.204 through 17.207 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th Edition.