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APA Reference Citations in Text
Note:
Consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association manual,
6th ed., for more examples of reference citations in text, page 174, beginning
with section 6.11.
| Author(s)
Name in Text of Paper |
Author(s) Name in Reference Citations In Text |
One
Author:
Meldrem has noted that Web Usability Studies are commonly conducted in libraries
(2000). |
One
Author:
Web Usability Studies are commonly conducted in libraries (Meldrem,
2000). |
Two
Authors:
Meldrem and Johnson argue that libraries should adapt rapidly to
change (2002). |
Two
Authors (cite both author names in every reference):
Other authors also agreed that libraries should adapt rapidly to
change (Meldrem & Johnson, 2002). |
Three,
Four, Five Authors (cite all authors the first time the reference occurs;
in subsequent citation, include the surname of the first author followed
by et al.):
First Citation:
Baudino, Ury, and Wainscott (1999) also highlight the importance of the
issue.
Subsequent Citations:
Baudino et al. (1999) highlighted another important issue. |
Three,
Four, Five Authors (cite all authors the first time the reference occurs;
in subsequent citation, include the surname of the first author followed
by et al.):
First Citation:
This is an important issue highlighted by additional authors (Baudino, Ury,
& Wainscott, 1999).
Subsequent Citations:
The other important issues were also highlighted (Baudino et al., 1999). |
Six
or More Authors (include the surname of the first author followed by et
al):
Apparently, Mardis et al. (2003) agree entirely with this point. |
Six or More Authors (include the surname of the first author followed by et
al.):
Apparently, other authors agree entirely with this point (Mardis
et al., 2003). |
Note:Consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association manual,
6th ed., for examples of how to cite works with no author in text, page 176, section 6.15.
Referencing
Work with No Author
-- use the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) |
Referencing
Works by Authors with the Same Surname
-- include author's initials |
Web
usability studies are commonly conducted in libraries ("Benefits
of Usability Studies," 2002).
(Note:
article titles, chapter titles, and web page titles are enclosed in quotation marks;
book, periodical, brochure, and report titles are italicized) |
R. D. Lawton (2001) and T. R. Cowden (1998) see various points of view. |
Referencing
Direct Quotes or Paraphrases from Specific Sections of Print Sources or PDF documents
-- include author, date, page or chapter numbers |
Referencing
Direct Quotes or Paraphrases from Web Sources
-- include author, date, paragraph numbers |
They stated, "active
learning promotes critical thinking and direct application of critical
concepts" (Baudino & Wyatt,
2004, p. 17).
Baudino and Wyatt
(2004) advocate "active learning promotes critical thinking and direct
application of critical concepts" (p. 17).
Baudino and Wyatt (2004) advocate the following:
active learning
promotes critical thinking and direct application of critical concepts
(pp. 17-19). |
They
stated, "active
learning promotes critical thinking and direct application of critical
concepts" (Baudino & Wyatt,
2004, ¶ 7).
Baudino and Wyatt
(2004) advocate "active learning promotes critical thinking and direct
application of critical concepts" (¶
7).
Baudino and Wyatt (2004) advocate the following:
active learning
promotes critical thinking and direct application of critical concepts
(¶ 7). |
Referencing
two or more works by the same author(s) with the same publication date (or n.d.) in the same parentheses.
--identify with the suffixes a, b, c
--suffixes are assigned in the reference list
-- include author, date, paragraph numbers
--Section 6.16 sixth edition Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, pp. 177-178 |
Personal Authors
(Baudino & Wyatt,
2004a, p. 17, 2004b, p. 25).
Corporate Author
(Microsoft, 2009a, 2009b, 2009c).
Corporate Author, n.d.
(Adobe, n.d.a, n.d.b, n.d.c)
Link to example works with the same author and same publication date not in the same parentheses:
http://libguides.jcu.edu.au/content.php?pid=82408&sid=1123167
|
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