Northwest Missouri State University B.D. Owens Library



[ APA Citation Style Examples ]
Note to APA Community: Sixth Edition Corrections


[Planet]  Citing Print & Online Sources:
NOTE: Examples on this page follow conventions from the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association with additional recommendations offered by social sciences faculty at Northwest Missouri State University. Corrections to the first printing of the sixth edition are linked here.

Periodical (Article) Examples

For further help citing periodical articles, consult Examples by Type 7:01 Periodical, 1-17, pages 198-202 of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

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JOURNAL Articles with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Continuous Pagination
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers. doi: [DOI].

Reference List Examples:
Magnavita, J. (2008). Toward unification of clinical science: The next wave in the evolution of psychotherapy? Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 18, 264-291. doi: 10.1037/a0013490
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Magnavita, 2008)



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JOURNAL Articles with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Paginated by Issue
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number(issue number), Inclusive page numbers. doi: [DOI]

Reference List Examples:
Richler, J. (2008). Holistic processing of faces: Perceptual and decisional components. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 34(2), 221-235. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.34.2.328
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Richler, 2008)



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Online JOURNAL Articles without DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Online article using Persistent Link (EBSCOhost) or Bookmark (Gale)
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number (issue number), Inclusive page numbers. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Albrecht, T., & Danice, E. (2000). Development, ethics, and prenatal health outcomes. Journal of Social Philosophy, 36(2), 376-381. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&
AN=4370808&site=ehost-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Albrecht & Danice, 2000)

 

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JOURNAL Articles without DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Continuous Pagination
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers.
Reference List Example:
Hanson, F. A. (1999). Zero effect: The year 2000 computer crisis. Society, 36, 68-74.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Hanson, 1999)

 

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JOURNAL Articles without DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Paginated by Issue
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number (issue number), Inclusive page numbers.
Reference List Example:
Tokita, T. (2002). Prospects for reform of the Japanese healthcare system. Society, 36(15), 55-66.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Tokita, 2002)

 

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MAGAZINE Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Periodical, Volume Number, Page Numbers.
Reference List Example:
Flora, C. (2006, November/December). The Kiriana conundrum. Psychology Today, 36, 96-100.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Flora, 2006)

 

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Online MAGAZINE Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Periodical, Volume Number, Page Numbers. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Saey, T. H. (2009, July 18). You are who you are by DEFAULT. Science News, 36, (2). Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&
AN=43227152&site=ehost-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Saey, 2009)

 

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NEWSPAPER Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Newspaper, pp. Page Numbers.
Reference List Example:
Baron, D. (2003, December 19). Sharing inside information. Chronicle of Higher Education, pp. C1, C2.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Baron, 2003)

 

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Online NEWSPAPER Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Newspaper. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Thaler, R. H. (2009, August 16). A public option isn't a curse, or a cure. New York Times, p. A4. Retrieved from
http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&docType=IAC&type=retrieve&tabID=
T004&prodId=AONE&docId=CJ205929521&userGroupName= nwmosu_owens&version=1.0&search Type= AdvancedSearchForm&source=gale&infoPage=infoMarkPage


Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Thaler, 2009)

 

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Trade Periodical Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers.
Reference List Example:
Brookman, F. (2007, September 3). Senate HELP committee releases draft of reform bill; Key gaps remain.  WWD: Women's Wear Daily, 194, 10
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Brookman, 2007)
Note: If volume number is not present in the article record in the database, omit it from your citation.

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Online Trade Periodical Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Lewis, M. (2009, July 10). Critical mass.  Medical Economics, 86, 35-40.  Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&
AN=43274249&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Lewis, 2009)
Note: If volume number is not present in the article record in the database, omit it from your citation.

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Book Examples

Entire Book Edited Books


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For further help citing books, reference books, and book chapters, consult chapter 7, section 7:02, items 18-30 on pages 202-205 of the 6th edition of Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

Entire Book:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of book. City of Publisher, US Postal Abbreviation: Publisher.
Reference List Example:
Carter, R. (1998). Mapping the mind. Berkeley, CA:
University of California Press
.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Carter, 1998)
To locate additional citation examples, consult Style Manuals on Reserve.

 

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For further help citing books, reference books, and book chapters, consult chapter 7, section 7:02, items 18-30 on pages 202-205 of the 6th edition of Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

Edited Books:
Editor(s)(Eds.). (Date of Publication). Title of Book. City of Publisher, US Postal Abbreviation: Publisher.
Reference List Example:
Cacioppo, J. T., & Tassinary, L. (Eds.). (1990). Principles of psychophysiology: Physical, social, and inferential elements. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Cacioppo & Tassinary, 1990)
To locate additional citation examples, consult Style Manuals on Reserve.

 

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For further help citing books, reference books, and book chapters, consult chapter 7, section 7:02, items 18-30 on pages 202-205 of the 6th edition of Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

Chapters in Books:
Author(s) of Chapter. (Date of Publication). Title of chapter. In Editor(s)(Eds.), Title of Book (pp. page numbers). City of Publication, US Postal Abbreviation: Publisher.
Reference List Example:
Stern, J. A., & Dunham, D. N. (1990). The ocular system. In J. T. Cacioppo & L.G.Tassinary (Eds.), Principles of psychophysiology: Physical, social, and inferential elements (pp. 513-553). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Stern & Dunham, 1990)
To locate additional citation examples, consult Style Manuals on Reserve.

 

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For further help citing books, reference books, and book chapters, consult chapter 7, section 7:02, items 18-30 on pages 202-205 of the 6th edition of Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

Reference Book Example:
Editor(s)(Eds.). (Date of Publication). Title of Reference Book(s). (Edition, Vol. volume #). City of Publication, US Postal Abbreviation: Publisher.
Reference List Example:
Turner, J. (Ed.). (1996). The dictionary of art. (Vol. 1-34D). New York, NY: Grove's Dictionaries.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Turner, 1996)
To locate additional citation examples, consult Style Manuals on Reserve.

 

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For further help citing books, reference books, and book chapters, consult chapter 7, section 7:02, items 18-30 on pages 202-205 of the 6th edition of Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

Entry in a Reference Book Example:
Author(s) of Entry. (Date of Publication). Title of Chapter. In Editor(s)(Eds.), Title of book (Edition, Vol. volume #, pp. Page Numbers). City of Publisher, US Postal Abbreviation: Publisher.
Reference List Example:
French, F. M. (2003). Catastrophic forgetting in connectionist networks. In L. Nadel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of cognitive science (3rd ed., Vol. 1, pp. 431-435). New York, NY: Nature Publishing.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(French, 2003)


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Electronic Version of a Printed Book
With DOI
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of book. doi: [DOI]
Reference List Example:
Rogers, P. (Ed.). (2007). The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope. doi: 10.1017/CCOL9780521840132
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Rogers, 2007)

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Electronic Version of a Printed Book
Without DOI
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of book. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Lynch, J. (2002). Age of Elizabeth in the age of Johnson. Retrieved from http://site.ebrary.com/lib/nwmsu/docDetail.action?
docID=10069984&p00=alexander+pope
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Lynch, 2002)


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Electronic Version of a Book Chapter
With DOI
Author(s) of Chapter. (Date of Publication). Title of chapter. In Editor(s)(Eds.), Title of Book (pp. page numbers). doi: [DOI]
Reference List Example:
Sanders, M. A. (2005). American modernism and the new negro renaissance. In W. Kalaidjian (Ed.), Cambridge companion to American modernism
(pp. 129-156). doi:10.1017/CCOL052182995X.006
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Sanders, 2005)


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Electronic Version of a Book Chapter
Without DOI
Author(s) of Chapter. (Date of Publication). Title of chapter. In Editor(s)(Eds.), Title of Book (pp. page numbers). Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Furbank, P. N. (2000). Craftlike nature of biography. In J. Law (Ed.), Biographical passages: Essays on Victorian and modernist biography (pp. 18-27). Retrieved from http://site.ebrary.com/lib/nwmsu/Doc?id=10001770&ppg=30
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Furbank, 2000)

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Online Reference Work
Author(s) of Chapter. (Date of Publication). Title of Book. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Palmer, C. A. (Ed.). (2006). Encyclopedia of African-American culture and history:the Black experience in the Americas (Vols. 1-6). Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|9780028660714&v=2.1&u=
nwmosu_owens&it=aboutBook&p=GVRL&sw=w
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Palmer, 2006)

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Entry in an Online Reference Work
Author(s) of Chapter. (Date of Publication). Title of chapter. In Editor(s)(Eds.), Title of Book. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Kelly, B. L. (2009). Ravel, Maurice. In L. Macy (Ed.), Grove Music Online
. Retrieved from http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/52145
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Kelly, 2009)

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Entry in an Online Reference Work, No Author
Title of chapter. (Date of Publication). In Editor(s) (Eds.), Title of Book. Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Skinner, Burrhus Frederick. (2002). In N. Sheehy, A. J. Chapman, & W. A. Conroy (Eds.), Biographical Dictionary of Psychology
. Retrieved from http://www.credoreference.com/entry/routbiopsy/skinner_burrhus_frederick
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Skinner, 2002)

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Web Examples


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Web Page Example

 

Web Page Example:
Author/editor. (Date of page creation or last revision). Full title of the web page. Retrieved from URL
Reference List Example:
Green, C. (2000, April 16). History & philosophy of psychology web resources. Retrieved from http://www.yorku.ca/dept/psych/orgs/resource.htm
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Green, 2000)

 

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Organization Web Site Example

Organization Web Site Example:
Organization. (Date of site creation or last revision). Full title of the web page. Retrieved from URL
Reference List Example:
American Red Cross. (n.d.). Give life. Retrieved from https://www.givelife.org
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(American Red Cross)

 

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Online Annual Report Example


Web Page Example:
Annual Report Title. (Date of page creation or last revision). Retrieved from URL
Reference List Example:
Microsoft Corporation: Annual report 2008. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.microsoft.com/msft/reports/ar08/index.html
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Microsoft, 2008)

 

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Online Company Profiles


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Note: More company profile examples are available at the Business Source Premier, Business & Company Resource Center, LexisNexis, and Mergent sections of this page.

Online Profile
Datamonitor Company Profile (Business Source Premier)
Title of the profile. (Date of publication). Retrieved from Persistent URL or Bookmark

Reference List Examples:
Google Inc.: Company Profile. (2009, June 9). Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=dmhco&
AN=5B199F61-608D-4923-B4A3-F5EE15285ADE&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Google, 2009)



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Online Profile
Datamonitor Industry Profile (Business Source Premier)
Title of Profile . (Date of publication). Retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark

Reference List Examples:
Internet software & services industry profile: Global. (2009, March). Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&
AN=37370863&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Internet software, 2009)


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Online Profile
Datamonitor SWOT Analysis (Business Source Premier)
Source Name. (Date of publication). Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL

Reference List Examples:
Yahoo!, Inc. SWOT analysis. (2009, May). Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&
AN=41223984&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Yahoo!, 2009)


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Online Profile
Company Profile (Business & Company Resource Center)
Title of the profile. (Date of publication). Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL

Reference List Examples:
Adobe Systems Inc. (ADBE). (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC?vrsn=unknown&loc
ID=nwmosu_owens&srchtp=glbc&cc=1&c=1&mode=
c&ste=60&tab=1&tbst=tsCM&ccmp=Adobe+Systems+Inc.&mst=
adobe+systems&docNum=DC321995&bConts=3
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Adobe)


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Online Profile
LexisNexis Academic Business Company Profiles
Title of the Company Record . (Date of publication). Retrieved from LexisNexis Source URL

Reference List Examples:
Starbucks Corporation. (2009, August 25). Retrieved from http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sf?shr=t&sfi=
AC00NBGenSrch&csi=220620
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Starbucks, 2009)



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Online Profile
Mergent Company Profile Tab (Equity Pricing, Company Financials,
Reports, EDGAR, Annual Reports)
Title. (Date of publication). Tab Name. Retrieved from Tab or page URL

Reference List Examples:
General Electric Co (NYS: GE). (2009, August 27). Company details: Synopsis . Retrieved from
http://www.mergentonline.com/compdetail.asp?company=3597
&type=compdetail
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(General Electric, 2009)



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Proceedings


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Note: Find examples of meeting and symposia publications in section 7.04, pages 206, 207 of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.




Proceedings published regularly online example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the Paper . Title of the Proceedings volume number if available, Inclusive page numbers. doi: DOI
Reference List Example:
Accot, J., & Zhai, S. (2001). Scale effects in steering law tasks. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 312-317. doi: 10.1145/365024.365027
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Accot & Zhai , 2001)

 

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Proceedings Published in Book Form
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the Paper . In Editor Name(s) (Eds.), Title of the Proceedings (pp. Inclusive page numbers). City of Publication, US Postal Abbreviation : Publisher. doi: [DOI]
Reference List Example:
Maekawa, T., Yanagisawa, Y., & Sakurai, Y. (2009). Web searching for daily living. In M. Sanderson, & J. Zobel (Eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval (pp.27-34). New York, NY: ACM Press. doi: 10.1145/1571941.1571949
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Maekawa, Yanagisawa, & Sakurai, 2009)

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ERIC Document from ERIC Databae Example

Note: Find an example of an ERIC document in section 7.09, number 62, page 212 of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.


ERIC Document from ERIC Database
Author/editor. (Date of publication). Full Title. Retrieved from ERIC database.
(ED#)
Reference List Example:
Lin, S. J. (2001). Classifying Internet pathological users: Their usage, Internet sensation seeking, and perceptions. Retrieved from ERIC database. (ED458468)
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Lin, 2001)


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Legal & Legislative
(Laws & Congressional Documents)


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Note: Find legal & legislative examples in appendices 7.01 - 7.07, pages 216-224 of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.


Federal Government Agency Publication:
Sponsoring Agency. (Date). Title. Retrieved from [URL]
Reference List Example:
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2005, December 20). Occupational outlook handbook, 2006-07: Accountants and auditors. Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos001.htm
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(U.S. Department of Labor, 2006)

 

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Personal Communications

Note: As stated in section 6.20, page 179 of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, personal communications include letters, memos, some electronic communications, personal interviews, and telephone conversations. Because personal communications do not have "recoverable data", they are not included in the reference list and cited in text only. Give the surname and first initials of the communicator (the person being interviewed or speaking in the communication) and an exact date. If the name of the communicator is given in the text, include the exact date in the in text citation according to the first example below.

Personal Communication In Text Example:
(Communicator, personal communication, Date of communication)
Reference Citation In Text Example:
B. D. Smith (personal communication, September 27, 1999)
(Linn, F. B., personal communication, October 12, 2000)

 

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Citing Abstracts as Original Source

Note:
  • The 6th edition manual states that while it is preferable to cite the full text of an article, abstracts can be used as sources and included in your References list.
  • Examples of how to cite abstracts as original source and an abstract as a secondary source (print periodical) are available in section 7.01, page 202, of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Reserve, 808.066 A51p 2010, Library Services Desk, 1st Floor).
  • An example of how to cite an abstract of a doctoral dissertation in Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) are available in section 7.05, page 208, of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

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Abstract as Originial Source in Print
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article [Abstract]. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers.
Reference List Example:
Elliott, D. (2009). Impact of real and illusory target perturbations on manual aiming [Abstract]. Experimental Brain Research, 197, 279-285.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Elliot, 2009)


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Online Abstract as Originial Source
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers. Abstract retrieved from Persistent link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Wetter, O. E. (2009). Does musical training improve school performance? Instructional Science, 37, 365-374. Abstract retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2009-09536-004&site=ehost-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Wetter, 2009)


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Business & Company Resource Center Examples

Citation Note



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For further help citing periodical articles, consult Examples by Type 7:01 Periodical, 1-17, pages 198-202 of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.



Business & Company Resource Center MAGAZINE Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Periodical, Volume Number, Page Numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Rattner, S . (2009, November 9). Auto bailout: How we did it. Fortune, 160, 55-71.
Retrieved from http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://search.
ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=44910523&site=bsi-live

Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Rattner, 2009)

 

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Business & Company Resource Center NEWSPAPER Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Newspaper, pp. Page Numbers. Retrieved [date of access], from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Dodes, R.. (2006, September 12). Bloggers get under the tent. Wall Street Journal, pp. B1-B2.
Retrieved from http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://search.ebscohost
.com /login.aspx ?direct=true&db=buh&AN=22286619&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Dodes, 2006)

 

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Business & Company Resource Center Company Profile Example:
Company name. [Company Profile]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Sprint Nextel Corp. (S) . [Company Profile].
Retrieved from

http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC?rsic=PK&rcp=CO&vrsn=
unknown&locID=nwmosu_owens&srchtp=cmp&cc=1&c=1&mode=
c&ste=60&tbst=tsCM&tab=1&ccmp=Sprint+Nextel+Corp.&tcp=
sprint&n=25&bConts=13247&ses=1
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Sprint Nextel Corp)


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Business & Company Resource Center SWOT Analysis Example:
Title of report. (Date of publication). [SWOT Analysis]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Sprint Nextel Corporation - financial and strategic analysis review. (2009, September).
[SWOT Analysis]. Retrieved from
http://callisto.ggsrv.com/imgsrv/Fetch?banner=4b43831a&digest=782e65627175d
77f545707992feef633&contentSet=SWOT&recordID=1292796_GMDTC33138FSA
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Sprint Nextel Corporation, 2009)


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Business & Company Resource Center Company History Example:
Title. (Year of publication). [Company History]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Sprint Nextel Corp. (2008). [Company History]. Retrieved from
http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC?rsic=PK&rcp=
CO&vrsn=unknown&locID=nwmosu_owens&srchtp=cmp&
cc=1&c=2&mode=c&ste=74&tbst=tsCM&tab=4&ccmp=
Sprint+Nextel+Corp.&tcp=sprint&n=25&docNum=
I2501151572&bConts=13247
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Sprint Nextel Corp, 2008)


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Business & Company Resource Center Investment Report Example:
Title of Article . (Date of publication). Title of the Periodical. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Sprint Nextel Corp. (2010, January 5). EconomicInvestor:
The Economy Matters
. Retrieved from
http://invreports.galegroup.com/reuters/getDocument?DOCID=32804065
&CONTEXT=BCRC&DIGEST=5b0136054a2b270322fa472cbf4b5a9a&
LOCID=nwmosu_owens&DOCTYPE=pdf
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Sprint Nextel Corp", 2010)


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Business & Company Resource Center Financial Report Example:
Title of report. (Period End Date). [Financial Report]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Sprint Nextel Corporation. (2008, December 31).
[Company History]. Retrieved from
http://invreports.galegroup.com/reuters/FinancialReport/FinancialReports.jsp?
COUNTRY=US&LOCID=nwmosu_owens&DIGEST=5b0136054a2b270322fa4
72cbf4b5a9a&CONTEXT=BCRC&TICKER=S
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Sprint Nextel Corporation, 2008)


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Business & Company Resource Center Rankings Example:
Title of Ranking . (Year of Publication). [Ranking]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Largest telecom service companies worldwide, 2007. (2007).
[Company History]. Retrieved from
http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC?vrsn=unknown
&locID=nwmosu_owens&srchtp=glbc&cc=1&c=3&mode=
c&ste=95&tbst=tsCM&tab=8192&ccmp=Sprint+Nextel+
Corp.&mst=sprint&n=25&docNum=I2502027200&bConts=13247
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Largest telecom", 2007)


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Business Source Premier Examples

Citation Note

Trade Periodicals


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For further help citing periodical articles, consult Examples by Type 7:01 Periodical, 1-17, pages 198-202 of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

Business Source Premier JOURNAL Articles with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers. doi: [DOI].

Reference List Example:
Romer, C. D. (2009). Fiscal policy and economic recovery. Business Economics, 44, 132-135. doi: 10.1057/be.2009.14
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Romer, 2009)



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Business Source Premier JOURNAL Articles without DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number(issue number), Inclusive page numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Poole, W. (2009). Moral hazard: The long-lasting legacy of bailouts. Financial Analysts Journal, 65(15), 1-7. Retrieved from http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/
IPChecking.asp?http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&
db=buh&AN=45106137&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Poole, 2009)

 

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Business Source Premier MAGAZINE Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Periodical, Volume Number, Page Numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Rattner, S . (2009, November 9). Auto bailout: How we did it. Fortune, 160, 55-71.
Retrieved from http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://search.
ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=44910523&site=bsi-live

Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Rattner, 2009)

 

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Business Source Premier NEWSPAPER Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Title of the Newspaper, pp. Page Numbers. Retrieved [date of access], from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Dodes, R.. (2006, September 12). Bloggers get under the tent. Wall Street Journal, pp. B1-B2.
Retrieved from http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://search.ebscohost
.com /login.aspx ?direct=true&db=buh&AN=22286619&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Dodes, 2006)

 

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Trade Periodical Article Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Brookman, F. (2007, September 3). Beauty moves front and center at select Targets. 
WWD: Women's Wear Daily, 194
, 10.  Retrieved from
http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=26247691&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Brookman, 2007)
Note: If volume number is not present in the article record in the database, omit it from your citation.


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Business Source Premier Datamonitor Report: SWOT Analysis
Title of report. (Date of publication). [SWOT Analysis]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
NIKE, Inc. SWOT analysis. (2009, July). [SWOT Analysis]. Retrieved from
http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN
=41223939&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(NIKE, Inc. SWOT analysis, 2009)


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Business Source Premier Datamonitor Report: Company Profile
Title of report. (Year of publication). [Company Profile]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Adobe Systems Incorporated company profile. (2009). [Company Profile]. Retrieved from
http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&authdb=dmhco&
AN=F75A5273-3D33-4054-AA29-358D1E9B6C5C&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Adobe Systems, 2009)


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Business Source Premier Datamonitor Report: Industry Profile
Title of report. (Date of publication). [Industry Profile]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Wireless telecommunication services industry profile: United States. (2009, July).
[Industry Profile]. Retrieved from
http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://search.ebscohost.
com/login. aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=43889759&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Wireless, 2009)


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Business Source Premier Country Profile Reports
Title of the report. (Date of publication). City of Publisher: Publisher. [Country Profile]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Australia country monitor. (2009, September).
Lexington: IHS Global Insight. [Country Profile]. Retrieved from
http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&
db=buh&AN=44674196&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Australia, 2009)


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Business Source Premier Market Research Reports
Title of Article Segment. (Date of publication). Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers. [Market Research Report]. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Executive summary. (2009). Biomass report, 3, 8-12. [Market Research Report]. Retrieved from
http://www.nwmissouri.edu/Library/IPChecking.asp?http://
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&
AN=44574805&site=bsi-live
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Executive summary", 2009)


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CQ Researcher Plus Archive Example

CQ Researcher Plus Archive Entire Report Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Hatch, D. (2003, June 6). Drug company ethics. CQ Researcher, 13. Retrieved from http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003060600
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Hatch, 2003)

 

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CQ Researcher Plus Archive Report Section Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article: Section heading title. Title of the Periodical, volume number. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Hatch, D. (2003, June 6). Drug company ethics: Current situation. CQ Researcher, 13. Retrieved from http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003060600
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Hatch, 2003)

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Facts.com Example

 


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Facts.com World News Digest Example:
Title of the article. (Date of publication). Title of Service. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Physics: Particle accelerator restarted. (2009, November 26). Facts on File World News Digest. Retrieved from http://www.2facts.com/article/2009505670
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Physics," 2004)

 

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Facts.com Issues and Controversies Example:
Title of the article. (Date of publication).Title of Service. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Iran nuclear negotiations. (2009, December 4). Issues & Controversies. Retrieved from http://www.2facts.com/article/i1400640
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Iran nuclear negotiations," 2009)

 

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Facts.com Today's Science Example:
Title of the article. (Date of publication). Title of Service. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark URL
Reference List Example:
Fish electrify the night. (2009, November). Today's Science. Retrieved from http://www.2facts.com/article/s1700148
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Fish electrify the night," 2009)

 

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LexisNexis Academic Universe Full-text Examples

Use the LexisNexis®Academic Subscriber Tools Beta page to create a direct link to LexisNexis Academic journal, magazine, or newspaper articles.


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LexisNexis Academic Universe JOURNALS With Continuous Pagination Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Starting page number. Retrieved from URL
Reference List Example:
Post, R. C. (2003). Fashioning the legal constitution: Culture, courts, and law. Harvard Law Review, 117. Retrieved from http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sr?shr=t&csi=
7339&sr=AUTHOR(Post)+AND+TITLE
(Fashioning+the+legal+constitution)+AND+DATE+IS+2003

 

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LexisNexis Academic Universe JOURNALS Paginated By Issue Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number (issue number). Retrieved from URL
Reference List Example:
Stephanopoulos, N. (2005). Solving the due Process problem with military commissions.
Yale Law Journal, 114
(4)
. Retrieved from
http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sr?shr=t&csi=7363&sr=
AUTHOR(Nicholas+Stephanopoulos)+AND+TITLE(Solving+the+Due+Process
+Problem+with+Military+Commissions)+AND+DATE+IS+January+2005
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Stephanopoulos, 2005)

 

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LexisNexis Academic Universe MAGAZINE Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number( Issue number). Retrieved from URL
Reference List Example:
Denby, D. (2003, October 13). Dead reckoning. The New Yorker, 79(30). Retrieved from
http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sr?shr=t&csi=
237442&sr=BYLINE(Denby)+AND+HLEAD(Dead+reckoning)
+AND+DATE+IS+October+13+2003
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Denby, 2003)

 

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LexisNexis Academic Universe Newspaper Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Newspaper, p. Starting Page Number. Retrieved from URL
Reference List Example:
Cole, R. (2008, January 22). Fitness centers: Catering to needs for better health.
Kansas City Star. Retrieved from
http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sr?shr=t&csi=222065&sr=
PUBLICATION (Kansas+City+Star)+AND+BYLINE(cole)+AND+HLEAD
(Fitness+centers)+AND+DATE+IS+January+22+2008
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Cole, 2008)

 

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LexisNexis Academic Universe Company Profile Example:
Company name. (Date of publication). Name of source. Retrieved from Source URL
Reference List Example:
Apple Inc. (2009, December 9). Hoover's Company Records: In-depth Records.
Retrieved from
http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sf?shr=t&sfi=
AC00NBGenSrch&csi=220620
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Apple Inc", 2009)


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LexisNexis Academic Universe SEC Filing Example:
Company name. (Document date). Form type . Retrieved from Source URL
Reference List Example:
Wal Mart Stores Inc. (2009, October 31). 10-Q.
Retrieved from
http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sf?shr=t&sfi=AC00NB
GenSrch&csi=300324
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Wal Mart Stores Inc, 2009)


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LexisNexis Academic Universe Country Profile Example:
Title. (Date of publication). Country name. Source name. Retrieved from Source URL
Reference List Example:
Czech premier, Russian deputy premier discuss energy security.
(2009, September 14)
. Czech Republic. BBC Monitoring Europe - Political.
Retrieved from
http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/api/version1/sf?shr=t&sfi=AC00NB
GenSrch&csi=300324
Reference Citation In Text Example:
("Czech premier", 2009)


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LexisNexis Academic Universe Compare Companies Example:
Company ticker symbols. [Company Financial Comparison]. Source name. Retrieved [date of access], from [name of database] database.
Reference List Example:
TGT, WMT. [Company Financial Comparison]. CoreData US Institutional Database. Retrieved December 7, 2009, from LexisNexis Academic database.
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(TGT, 2009)


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Mergent Online Examples


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Company Profile
Mergent Company Profile Tab (Equity Pricing, Company Financials,
Reports, EDGAR, Annual Reports)
Title. (Date of publication). Tab Name. Retrieved from Tab or page URL

Reference List Examples:
Microsoft Corporation (NMS: MSFT). (2009). Company financials: As reported. Retrieved from
http://www.mergentonline.com/compdetail.asp?company=46247&type=
financials
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Microsoft, 2009)


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Mergent Online Custom Report
Name of company . (Most current year selected, listed, or compared). Name of first data item selected. [Mergent Custom Report].
Reference List Example:
Barnes & Noble Inc (NYS: BKS). (2009). Current libabilites. [Mergent Custom Report].
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Barnes & Noble Inc, 2009)


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Mergent Online Company Comparison Report: Companies
Name of first company. (Most current year compared). Name of first variable compared. [Mergent Company Comparison Report].
Reference List Example:
Google Inc (NMS: GOOG). (2008). Current libabilites. [Mergent Company Comparison Report].
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Google Inc, 2008)



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Mergent Online Multiple Company Report
Name of first company selected. (Most current year selected). Name of first data item selected. [Mergent Multiple Company Report].
Reference List Example:
Yahoo! Inc. (NMS: YHOO). (2008). Business summary. [Mergent Multiple Company Report].
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Yahoo Inc, 2008)


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Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center Full-Text Examples


 

Media

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Opposing Veiwpoints Viewpoints Essays (Viewpoints Tab) From Books Example:
Author(s). (Year of publication). Title of essay. In Editor Name(s) (Ed(s).), Title of the Book. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Taylor, J., & VanDoren, P. (2006). Alternative energy should not be pursued. In C. A. Bily (Ed.),
Global Warming
. Retrieved from
http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do?contentSet=GSRC&docType=
GSRC&type=retrieve&tabID=T010&prodId=OVRC&docId=
EJ3010222254&userGroupName=nwmosu_owens&version=1.0&searchType=
BasicSearchForm&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Taylor & VanDoren, 2006)

 

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Opposing Viewpoints Magazine Article (Magazines Tab)
With No Volume or Issue Numbers Example:
Author(s). (Year, Month Day). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Samuelson, R. J. (2007, August 20). Greenhouse simplicities. Newsweek. Retrieved from
http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do?subjectParam=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29
%3AFQE%3D%28su%2CNone%2C25%29%22Greenhouse+simplicities%22%24&sg
HitCountType=None&searchType=BasicSearchForm&sort=DateDescend&type=
search&tabID=T003&subjectAction=DISPLAY_SUBJECTS&prodId=OVRC&query
Id=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28ke%2CNone%2C23%29
Greenhouse+simplicities%24&version= 1.0&userGroupName=nwmosu_owens&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Samuelson, 2007)


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Opposing Viewpoints Magazine Article (Magazines Tab)
With Volume & Issue Numbers Example:
Author(s). (Year, Month Day). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number(Issue Number), Inclusive page numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Lemonick, M. D. (2007, August 6). Islands of life. Time, 170(5), 47.
Retrieved from http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do?
contentSet=IAC-documen&docType=IAC&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=
OVRC&docId=A166826130&userGroupName=nwmosu_owens
&version=1.0&searchType=BasicSearchForm&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Lemonick, 2007)


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Opposing Viewpoints Reference Article Example:
Author(s) of Entry. (Year of Publication). Title of Chapter. In Editor(s) (Eds.), Title of book (Edition.). Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Spear, J. E. (2003). Carbon emissions trading. In M. Bortman, P. Brimblecombe, & M. A. Cunningham, (Eds.), Environmental encyclopedia (3rd ed.). Retrieved from
http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do?subjectParam=Locale%28en%2C
Carbon+emissions+trading%22%24&sgHitCountType=None&searchType=
BasicSearchAction= DISPLAY_SUBJECTS&prodId= OVRC&queryId=
Locale%28en Carbon+emissions+trading%24&version=1.0
&userGroupName=nwmosu_owens&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Spear, 2003)


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Opposing Viewpoints Academic Article (Academic Journals Tab)
With No Issue Number Example:
Author(s). (Year). Title of article. Title of the Journal, Volume number, Inclusive Page Numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Smith, D. (2007). FP online poll results. Foreign Policy, 159, 99. Retrieve from http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do?subjectParam=Locale%28en%2
Carbon+emissions+trading22%24&sgHitCountType=None&searchType=
BasicSearchAction=DISPLAY_SUBJECTS&prodId= OVRC&queryId=Locale
%28en online+poll+trading%24&version=1.0 &userGroupName=nwmosu_owens&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Smith, 2007)



Opposing Viewpoints Academic Article (Academic Journals Tab)
With Volume and Issue Numbers Example:
Author(s). (Year). Title of article. Title of the Journal, Volume number(Issue Number), Inclusive Page Numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Fleming, J. R. (2007). Climate engineers. The Wilson Quarterly, 31(2), 46-60. Retrieved from
http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do?contentSet=IAC-documents&docType=IAC
&type=retrieve&tabID=T002&prodId=OVRC&docId=
A163065669&userGroupName=nwmosu_owens&version=1.0&searchType=
BasicSearchForm&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Fleming, 2007)


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Opposing Viewpoints Newspaper Article (News Tab) Example:
Author(s). (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of the Newspaper, pp. Page Numbers. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Egelko, B. (2007, September 13). Californians hail emissions ruling.
San Francisco Chronicle
, p. A1. Retrieved from http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do?subjectParam=Locale
%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28su%2CNone%2C36%
29%22Californians+hail+emissions+ruling%22%24&version=1.0
&userGroupName=nwmosu _owens&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Egelko, 2007)

 

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Opposing Viewpoints Media Transcript (Media Tab) Example:
Host(s). (Show Host). (Year, Month Day). Title of broadcast [Broadcast transcript]. Title of the News Show. Retrieved from Persistent Link or Bookmark
Reference List Example:
Idstie, J. (Show Host). (2007, August 24). Religion, history shape Iraq's relationship with Iran [Broadcast transcript]. National Public Radio. Retrieved from http://find.galegroup.com/ovrc/infomark.do? contentSet=IAC-documen&docType=IAC&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId= OVRC&docId=A166826130&userGroupName=nwmosu_owens &version=1.0&searchType=BasicSearchForm&source=gale
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Idstie, 2007)

 

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ACM Portal Full-Text Examples

Citation Note


ACM Portal JOURNALS With Continuous Pagination and DOI Example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical, volume number, Inclusive page numbers. doi: DOI
Reference List Example:
Francis-Cobley, P. P., & Coward, A. D. (2004). Voice over IP versus voice over frame relay. International Journal of Network Management, 14, 223-230. doi: 10.1002/nem.518
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Francis-Cobley & Coward, 2003)

 

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ACM Portal Proceedings published regularly online example:
Author(s). (Date of publication). Title of the paper. Title of the Proceedings volume number if available, Inclusive page numbers. doi: DOI
Reference List Example:
Accot, J., & Zhai, S. (2001). Scale effects in steering law tasks. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 312-317. doi: 10.1145/365024.365027
Reference Citation In Text Example:
(Accot & Zhai, 2001)

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Work in a Secondary Source

Note:
  • Examples of how to cite a work discussed in a secondary source are available in section 6.17, page 178, of the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Reserve, 808.066 A51p 2010, Library Services Desk, 1st Floor).
  • If Johnson and Wyatt's study is cited in Ury but you did not read Johnson and Wyatt but found information from their study cited in Ury use the following format: Enter the secondary source in your reference list and name the original work in the text and cite the secondary source as an in-text citation.

Reference Citation In Text Example:
Johnson and Wyatt's study (as cited in Ury, 2003)
Reference List Entry:
Ury, C. (2003). Perception and misconception: Information gathering attitudes. Psychological Review, 120, 350-360.

 

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Citing Sources

Revised (February 4, 2010)
Created (August 1996)
Current Author: Frank Baudino
Links Verified (October 2008)